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61.
In this paper the discontinuous Galerkin method in time for the coupling of conforming finite element and boundary element methods is established. We derive quasi-optimal a priori error estimates. Numerical examples prove the new scheme to be useful in practice. A posteriori error control and an adaptive algorithm are studied in Part II of this paper. 相似文献
62.
Chemically assisted primary sedimentation (CAPS) or chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT) consists of adding chemicals in order to increase the coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation of raw wastewater. Over the last twenty years, the use of CAPS has increased due to the development of better coagulants and flocculation enhancers, stricter standards as well as the need for low-energy treatment technologies, especially in developing countries. This paper defines a very simple multi-criteria procedure to be used in order to select the best combination of coagulant and dose when using jar tests. It is based on the adoption of the following 5 criteria: COD percentage removal, sludge volume after 2 h, coagulant dose, coagulant cost, pH percentage variation. The mathematical affordability of the procedure was tested by comparing it with the well known analytic hierarchy process. 相似文献
63.
Paola Milla Franca Viola Maurizio Ceruti Flavio Rocco Luigi Cattel Gianni Balliano 《Lipids》1999,34(7):681-688
19-Azasqualene-2,3-epoxide was more inhibitory than the corresponding N-oxide against 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase (OSC) solubilized from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (IC50 7±2 and 25±5 μM, respectively). Both compounds showed a reversible, noncompetitive-type inhibition on solubilized OSC. Different
inhibitory properties between the compounds were especially evident when measuring [14C]acetate incorporation into nonsaponifiable lipids extracted from treated cells. In cells treated with 19-azasqualene-2,3-epoxide
at 30 μM, the radioactivity associated with the oxidosqualene fraction, which was negligible in the controls, rose to over
40% of the nonsaponifiable lipids, whereas it remained at a slightly appreciable level in cells treated with the N-oxide derivative under the same conditions. 19-Azasqualene-2,3-epoxide was also more effective than the N-oxide as a cell growth inhibitor (minimal concentration of compound needed to inhibit yeast growth: 45 and >100 μM, respectively).
The two inhibitors underwent different metabolic fates in the yeast: while 19-azasqualene-2,3-epoxide did not undergo any
transformation, its N-oxide was actively reduced to the corresponding amine in whole and in “ultrasonically stimulated” cells. The N-oxide reductases responsible for this transformation appear to be largely confined within the microsomal fractions and require
NADPH for their activity. A possible relationship between the inhibitory properties of the two compounds and their metabolic
fates is discussed. 相似文献
64.
This paper focuses on the problem of key‐frames coding and proposes a new promising approach based on the use of fractals. The summary, made of a set of key‐frames selected from a full‐length video sequence, is coded by using a 3D fractal scheme. This allows the video presentation tool to expand the video sequence in a “natural” way by using the property of the fractals to reproduce the signal at several resolutions. This feature represents an important novelty of this work with respect to the alternative approaches, which mainly focus on the compression ratio without taking into account the presentation aspect of the video summary. In devising the coding scheme, we have taken care of the computational complexity inherent in fractal coding. Accordingly, the key‐frames are first wavelet transformed, and the fractal coding is then applied to each subband to reduce the search range. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. 相似文献
65.
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67.
Giulia Bernardini Maurizio Comanducci Stefania Bambini Giovanni Renzone Andrea Scaloni Giovanna Morelli Mark Achtman Giulio Ratti Annalisa Santucci 《Proteomics. Clinical applications》2009,3(10):1251-1254
We previously described the first reference map for the proteome of one strain of serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis (MenA), a major cause of epidemic meningitis in humans. As a preliminary finding, in that work we noted that 2‐DE protein maps of closely related MenA isolates from different epidemics spreads could be easily compared to detect minor differences and that 2‐DE phenotypes attributable to the well‐known epidemiological marker tbpB agreed with the genoclouds model of MenA epidemiological variation during pandemic waves. We explored here the possibility that an extended comparative study of 2‐DE maps of isolates representative of the nine genoclouds described by Achtman and collaborators could be used to discriminate between strains otherwise undistinguishable. We showed the example of 14 proteins with different 2‐DE spot patterns in different genoclouds that could be considered as putative tracers for alike‐strains discrimination. We introduce the novel concept that comparative proteomics can be useful in identifying new epidemiological markers for N. meningitidis. 相似文献
68.
Mauro Ciappa Alexander Koschik Maurizio Dapor Wolfgang Fichtner 《Microelectronics Reliability》2010,50(9-11):1407-1412
Modeling of critical dimensions scanning electron microscopy with sub-nanometer uncertainty is required to provide a metrics and to avoid yield loss in the processing of advanced CMOS technologies. In this paper, a new approach is proposed, which includes a new Monte Carlo scheme, a new Monte Carlo code, as well as the coupling with electrostatic fields to take into account self-charging effects. 相似文献
69.
In this work a coupled thermo-chemo-mechanical model for the behavior of concrete at early ages is proposed. This paper presents the formulation and assessment of the mechanical aspects of the model. Short- and long-term mechanical behaviors are modeled via a viscoelastic damage model that accounts for the aging effects. The short-term model is based on the framework of the continuum damage mechanics theory. A novel normalized format of the damage model is proposed, so that the phenomenon of aging is accounted for in a natural fashion. Long-term effects are included by incorporating a creep model inspired in the microprestress-solidification theory. 相似文献
70.
Elisa Tripoli Maurizio La GuardiaSanto Giammanco Danila Di MajoMarco Giammanco 《Food chemistry》2007,104(2):466-479
Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relationship between dietary flavonoid intakes and cardiovascular diseases. Citrus fruits are the main winter fruits consumed in the Mediterranean diet, so they are the main source of dietary flavonoids. The possible beneficial effects are due, not only to the high amounts of vitamins and minerals, but also to the antioxidant properties of their flavonoids. Dietary flavonoids may help to supplement the body antioxidant defences against free radicals. These compounds’ possible beneficial effects are due to their antioxidant activity, which is related to the development of atherosclerosis and cancer, and to anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. The present review summarizes the existing bibliography on biological and pharmacological studies of Citrus flavonoids, both in vitro and in vivo. 相似文献